ARC Ames Research Center
EELV Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle
EEV Earth Entry Vehicle
EMU EVA Mobility Unit
EPM Electric Propulsion Module
ERV Earth Return Vehicle
EVA Extra Vehicular Activity
Hab Habitat
HEO High Earth Orbit
HLLV Heavy Lift Launch Vehicle
IMLEO Initial Mass in Low Earth Orbit
ISRU In-Situ Resource Utilization
JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory
JSC Johnson Space Center
kg kilograms
KSC Kennedy Space Center
kWe kilowatts electric
LaRC Langley Research Center
lbf pound force
L/D Lift-to-Drag Ratio
LEO Low Earth Orbit
LeRC Lewis Research Center
LFBB Liquid Fly Back Booster
LSS Life Support System
m/s meters per second
mt metric ton
MAV Mars Ascent Vehicle
MSFC Marshall Space Flight Center
MTV Mars Transfer Vehicle
NTP Nuclear Thermal Propulsion
NTR Nuclear Thermal Rocket
P/C Physical / Chemical
PCRV Pressurized Control Research Vehicle
PMAD Power Management and Distribution
psi pounds per square inch
PVA Photovoltaic Array
RCS Reaction Control System
SDV Shuttle Derived Vehicle
SEP Solar Electric Propulsion
SP Special Publication
STS Space Transportation System
TEI Trans-Earth Injection
TMI Trans-Mars Injection
TransHab Transit Habitat
TPS Thermal Protection System
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This Addendum to the Mars Reference Mission was developed as a companion document to NASA Special Publication 6107, "Human Exploration of Mars: The Reference Mission of the NASA Exploration Study Team." The Addendum summarizes changes and updates to the Mars Reference Mission that were developed by the Exploration Office since the final draft of SP 6107 was printed in early 1998.
The Reference Mission is a tool used by the Exploration Team and the exploration community to compare and evaluate approaches to mission and system concepts that could be used for human exploration missions. It is intended to identify and clarify system "drivers", or significant sources of cost, performance, risk, and schedule variation. It does not represent a final or recommended approach to human Mars missions. Several alternative scenarios, including human exploration missions to the Moon, Asteroids, or other targets beyond Earth orbit as well as employing different technical approaches to solving mission and technology challenges, are currently under study by the Exploration Team. Comparing alternative approaches provides the basis for continual improvement to technology investment plans and general understanding of future human exploration missions.
The Addendum represents a "snapshot" of work in progress in support of planning for future human exploration missions through May 1998. Annual publications of revisions to the Reference Mission are planned beginning in late 1998.
Please direct all correspondence and inquiries about this document to:
Exploration Office
Attention: Reference Mission Data Manager
Mail Code EX13
NASA Johnson Space Center
2101 Nasa Road 1
Houston, Texas 77058-3696
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